{$I=H $Q=B $P=B $L=A $H=1} # Last edited on 1998-10-10 22:43:16 by stolfi # # Identification: # # Title: "Viola tricolor" # Page: f9v = BB (Rene) = p018 (Stolfi) # Folio: f9 # Panels: f9v # Bifolio: bB1 = f9+f16 # Quire: B (Rene) = II (Beinecke) # # Attributes: # # Language: A (Currier) # Hand: 1 (Currier) # Subsets: H (Rene), hea (Stolfi) # Subject: herbal # Plant: 17 (Petersen; misnumbered 15 on his page 1) # Colors: blue,green (Reeds) # Plant: 17 (Petersen) # # Description: # # One plant, flush against the right and bottom edges, reaching # almost to the top. # # Root: a bundle of thin wires. Dark overpaint? # Stem: one straight. Light color. # Branches: two symmetrical pairs, oblique. # Leaves: the four lower ones are medium width, lance-shaped, # with smooth edges; the others have the same outline but # are deeply cut into five narrow points. Dark color. # Stalk: short, mostly missing. # Flowers: five, at the tips of stem and branches. # Stalk: medium length, thin. Chalyx: flat or everted, with short # triangular sepals, partly hidden by corolla. Petals: five rounded # petals, a large one on top, the others like "arms and legs". Core: # very small. Medium and dark colors. # # Two paragraphs (with 3.7 and 7.7 lines) at the top, # left-justified. The first one is right-justified; the second one # follows the plant's profile on the right. Both are interrupted in # several places by the flowers and leaves. # # Comments: # # Petersen identifies this plant, with high confidence, as "Viola # trinitalis". I coudn't find such species, but "herba trinitatis" is # the herbalists' name for Viola tricolor (heartsease,wild pansy) [1,2,3]. # # Indeed, comparing f9v with a drawing by Carl Lindman [1], we see # an almost perfect match --- including the roots, and the two types # of leaves. # # Dennis Mardle [10 Oct 1998] observes that the details match also # Viola arvensis (field pansy), which hybridises with V. tricolor # and is very similar in shape, including especially the dimorphic # leaves [1,4]. # # The colors may help resolve this issue. The flowers of Viola # tricolor are usually purple and white with yellow core; Lindman's # drawing shows V. arvensis as white (or light blue?) with yellow # core. Jim Reeds color list [03 Mar 1998] reports some blue on this # page, to be confirmed. # # In either case, there is one odd detail: the flowers in f9v are # upside-down. Also the two bottom flowers are somewhat differen. # # Viola tricolor was used internally to treat epilepsy, asthma and # bronchitis (whole plant), as an emetic and purgative (seeds) and as # a heart tonic (flowers). Externally it was used to treat skin # diseases [2]. The flowers are reported to be edible. # # References: # # [1] Carl Axel Magnus Lindman # Bilder ur Nordens Flora # 227. A. Styvmorsviol, Viola tricolor L.; B. kerviol, Viola arvensis Murr. # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/ # http://www.lysator.liu.se/runeberg/nordflor/227.html # # [2] Mrs. M. Grieve, F.R.H.S. # A Modern Herbal # Viola tricolor - Heartsease # http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/mgmh.html # http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/h/hearts10.html # # [3] ECNC DATABASE: SAXIFRAGA European Flora Slides # Viola tricolor ssp. tricolor # http://www.ecnc.nl/doc/ecnc/saxifrag/euroflor.html # http://www.ecnc.nl/gif/viotritr.gif # # [4] ECNC DATABASE: SAXIFRAGA European Flora Slides # Viola Arvensis Murr. # http://www.ecnc.nl/doc/ecnc/saxifrag/euroflor.html # http://www.ecnc.nl/gif/vioarv.gif # # ## {} # text # Last edited on 1998-12-06 13:54:43 by stolfi # fochor.oporody.opy.shor.daiin.qopchypcho.qofol.shol.cfhol.daiin- fochor.oporody.opy.shor.daiin.qopchypcho.qofol.shol.cfhol.daiin- fochor.oporody.opy.shor.daiin.qopchypcho.qofol.shol.cfhol.daiin- fochor.oporody.opy.shor.daiin.qopchypcho.qofol.shol.cphol.daiin- # dchor.qoaiin.chkaiin.cthor.chol.chor.cphol.dy- {plant}oty.qokaiin.dy- dchor.qoaiin.chkaiin.cthor.chol.chor.cphol.dy- {plant}oty.qokaiin.dy- dchor.qoaiin.chkaiin.cthor.chol.chor.cphol.dy- {plant}oty.qokaiin.dy- dchor.qoaiin.chkaiin.cthor.chol.chor.cphol.dy- {plant}oty.qokaiin.dy- # ykey.chor.ykaiin.daiin.cthy.otaiin.oky-{plant}oeees.daiin- ykey.chor.ykaiin.daiin.cthy.otaiin.oky-{plant}oeees.daiin- ykey.chor.ykaiin.daiin.cthy.otaiin.oky-{plant}oeees.daiin- ykey.chor.ykaiin.daiin.cthy.otaiin.oky-{plant}oeees.daiin- # ytey.tchy.kaiin.cthor.otol.oty.toldy={plant} ytey!tchy.kaiin.cthor.otol.oty.toldy={plant} ytey.tchy.kaiin.cthor.otol.oty.toldy={plant} ytey.tchy.taiin.cthor.otol.oty.toldy={plant} # pchor.ypcheey.qotor.ypchy.olcfholy.te-{plant}ar- {plant}chty.daiiin-{plant} pchor.ypcheey.qotor.ypchy.olcpholy.ky-{plant}ar- {plant}chty.daiiin-{plant} pchor.ypcheey.qotor.ypchy.olcfholy.to-{plant}ar- {plant}chty.daiiin-{plant} pchor.ypchchy.qotor.ypchy.olcfholy.te-{plant}ar- {plant}chty.daiiin-{plant} # odol.choy.ksheody.chody-{plant}dai!n-{plant}otchy- {plant}cthod.yky-{plant} odol.choy.ksheody.chody-{plant}dai!n-{plant}otchy- {plant}cthod-yko-{plant} odol.choy.ksheody.chody-{plant}daiin-{plant}otchy- {plant}cthod-yko-{plant} odol.choy.ksheody.chody-{plant}dai!n-{plant}otchy- {plant}cthod-yko-{plant} # qochol.chol.ctchy.daiin-{plant}otal-{plant}dor-{plant}daim- {plant} qo.chol.chol.*chy.daiin-{plant}otal-{plant}dor-{plant}daim- {plant} qochol.chol.cthey.daiin-{plant}otal-{plant}dor-{plant}daim- {plant} qochol.chol.ctchy.daiin-{plant}otal-{plant}dor-{plant}daim- {plant} # soiin.daiin.qokcho.rokyd-{plant}daly-{plant} soiin.daiin.qokcho.rokyd-{plant}daly-{plant} soiin.daiin.qokcho.rokyd-{plant}daly-{plant} soiin.daiin.qokcho.rokyd-{plant}daly-{plant} # daiin.chy.tor.chyty.dary-{plant}ytoldy-{plant} daiin.chy.tor.chyty.dary-{plant}ytoldy-{plant} daiin.chy.tor.chyty.dary-{plant}ytoldy-{plant} daiin.chy.tor.chyty.dary-{plant}ytoldy-{plant} # oty.kchol.chol.chy.kyty-{plant} oty.kchol.chol.chy.kyty-{plant} oty.kchol.chol.chy!kyty-{plant} oty.kchol.chol.chy.kyty-{plant} # ychor.chshoty.oky.kaiin-{plant} ychor.chshoty.oky!kaiin-{plant} ychor.chshoty.oky.kaiin-{plant} ychor.chshoty.oky!kaiin-{plant} # chkaiin.ckhy.chor= chkaiin.ckhy.chor= chkaiin.ckhy.chor= chkaiin.ckhy.chor= #